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Laser, Laparoscopic and General Surgery

WHAT IS PILE?

It is dilated and inflammed plexus vein in the region of anal canal.

Incidence - of piles in india is 10 million or One crore every month

WHY ARE THESE FORMED?

Piles result from increased pressure in the lower rectum. The blood vessels around the anus and the rectum will stretch under pressure and may swell or bulge, forming piles. This may be due to:-

  • - Chronic constipation.
  • - Portal hypertension
  • - Maligancy
  • - Poor lifestyle
  • - Irregular Bowl habits
  • - Junk food
  • - Alchohlism
  • - Prolanged Standing,Sitting

How to Prevent?

What is fistula?

It is a chronic abnormal communication, usually lined to some degree by granulation tissue, which runs outwards from the anal lumen (the internal opening) to an external opening on the skin of the perineum or buttock.

Incidence of fistula in ano resulting from anal abscess is 26-38 %

Prevalence 8.6 cases / 1,00,000 population

Prevalnce in men 12.3 / 1,00,000

Prevalance in woman 5.6 cases / 1,00,000

ANATOMY

WHY ARE THESE FORMED

HOW TO PREVENT

What is fissure?

An anal fissure is a small tear in the thin , moist tissue (mucosa) that lines the anus. An anal fissure may occur when you pass hard or large stools during a bowel movement. Anal fissures typically causes pain and bleeding with bowel movements.

- incidence - 10 % of the patients attending proctology clinic

- 1.1 case/ 1000 population/ year

Anatomy of Fissure

WHY ARE THESE FORMED?


HOW TO PREVENT?


WHAT IS VARICOSE VEINS ?

- Varicose veins are generally benign, abnormally enlarged superficial veins

- usually they are found in legs but can be anywhere

- in one study in india in railroad workers the prevalance of varicose vein was 25 % in southern india 6.8 % in north india

- Overall Incidence in India - 5 %


SYMPTOM

For many people, there are no symptoms and varicose veins are simply a cosmetic concern.

In Some Cases:- Pain in leg(s)

- Discomfort in leg(s)

- Discoloration of lower limb

- Ulcer in advanced cases.


VARICOSE VEINS

WHY ARE THESE FORMED

- Pressure inside the veinses from standing for long periods.

- Excess weight.

- The aging process.

- Deep venous thrombosis

- Hormones.

HOW TO PREVENT

- Exercise regularly. Your leg muscles are your biggest allies.

- Lose weight if you're overweight.

- Avoid standing or sitting for a long time.

- Don't wear tight-fitting clothes.

- Be sure to put your feet up.

- Wear supporting compression stockings.

 

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